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Important Terms About The Surrogacy Process

The Surrogacy Process involves many steps, many helpers, and many terms which may be unfamiliar to you as you start on your surrogacy journey. It is helpful to understand terms you will hear and see throughout the surrogacy process. This list will help you decode some common terms you’ll hear during your journey as a surrogate or intended parent.

Surrogacy Agency: An agency is a professional organization like Pathways To Parenthood Surrogacy Agency, that provides a range of services for both intended parents and surrogates that ensures a successful surrogacy journey. Surrogacy agencies provide expertise and guidance through all stages of the surrogacy process which gives surrogates and intended parents the comfort of knowing they don’t have to manage everything themselves.

Surrogacy: is a method of assisted reproductive technology where a woman (known as a ‘surrogate’ or ‘gestational carrier’) carries a pregnancy for an individual or a couple.

Gestational Carrier/Surrogate/Surrogate Mother: These terms can be used interchangeably. However, a general surrogate definition is a woman carrying a child for intended parents who are unable to build a family on their own. There are two types of surrogates: traditional surrogates and gestational surrogates.

A gestational surrogate/carrier is not genetically connected to the child they carry in their uterus.  Gestational surrogates get pregnant when an embryo that was previously created through in vitro fertilization is transferred into her uterus.  The embryo is created with either intended mother’s egg or donor egg, and intended father’s sperm or donor sperm. Gestational surrogates are referred to as gestational carriers in the medical and legal fields of reproductive medicine.

A traditional surrogate both donates her own egg and carries a pregnancy for an individual or couple. The pregnancy is usually achieved through intrauterine insemination (IUI) with sperm from the intended father. Donor sperm may also be used.

Intended Parent (IP): This is the person who cannot, or chooses not to, carry a baby to term and hires a surrogate instead. Their egg or sperm may be a part of the transferred embryo, and they may be a single parent or married.

Intended Mother (IM): Woman who will become the legal parent of the child born through surrogacy.

Intended Father (IF): Man who will become the legal parent of the child born through surrogacy.

Egg Donor: A woman who agrees to undergo a protocol of medication to produce multiple eggs, and who then donates those eggs  to recipient Intended Parents; the donor does not  have legal rights to the eggs or the resulting embryos or child if a child is born.

Sperm donor: A man who donates his sperm for use in artificial insemination or other fertility treatments.

Surrogacy Attorney: Surrogacy attorneys are essential for ensuring that the rights of both the gestational carrier and the intended parents are protected. They help intended parents understand local surrogacy laws and regulations, ensure that the process is completed in a legal manner, finalize the surrogacy contract, and establish intended parents’ parental rights as early as possible (more on this is specified in the ‘surrogacy contract’ definition, below).  They also ensure that surrogate’s rights are protected as carrier and not as a legal parent.  Each party (surrogate and intended parent(s)) will have their own attorney (legal representation) for their surrogacy journey.

Matching: A process in which surrogate candidates and intended parent(s) are brought together by a surrogacy agency.  The goal to match surrogates and intended parents that are a good fit for each other based on their needs and preferences.  Once a surrogate candidate and intended parents(s) match, they will move forward in the process to work together to get pregnant and have a baby!

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): is the process of creating an embryo from an egg and sperm combined outside the body in a laboratory and done by an embryologist . Once fertilized, the embryo is then transferred into the uterus of either the intended mother or the surrogate.

Surrogacy Contract: Also known as a Carrier Agreement or Surrogate Mother Contract, this legal document sets out the rights and obligations of both the woman carrying the pregnancy (surrogate) and the intended parents.

Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART): Any procedure that involves manipulation of eggs or sperm to establish pregnancy in treatment of infertility, such as in vitro fertilization, embryo transfer, egg and sperm donation, or gestational surrogacy.

Pre-Birth Order (PBO): A court order obtained prior to the birth of a child being carried by a Gestational Carrier that provides for the establishment of the Intended Parents’ legal parentage, and to place the names of the Intended Parent(s) on the child’s birth certificate.

Post-Birth Order (PBO): Similar to a pre-birth order, except that this court order is obtained after the birth.

It’s easy to feel overwhelmed when faced with all the technicalities involved in surrogacy. However, a good understanding of the key terms  and processes you’ll encounter will help ensure a smoother journey. Pathways to Parenthood is experienced in growing families through gestational surrogacy. We provide assistance to couples facing infertility, same-sex couples, and single men and women seeking to start a family through surrogacy. If you live in the Midwest, we are the surrogacy agency for you!  You can contact us at 913-469-5500 or at www.pathwaystoparenthood.com

Surrogate Feature: Katie’s Twin Surrogacy Journey.

Current IVF trends have moved toward Single Embryo Transfer (SET). But some surrogate mothers are willing to allow transfer of two embryos, which increases the chance of a multiples pregnancy. Carrying twins during a surrogacy journey is an incredible way to help someone start their family or even help them complete it. We sat down (virtually) with Surrogate Katie. Katie  is in her second trimester of her second surrogacy journey and is currently pregnant with twins.

When did you first consider becoming a surrogate and why? and why did you decide to become a surrogate again?  I’m not sure how I first found out surrogacy was an option, but the seed was planted in my life when a dear friend of mine disclosed that she has always been told she wouldn’t be able to have children. At the time, we were freshmen in college, sitting in my dorm room pouring our hearts out after a late night of studying. After she told me that about herself, I immediately offered up my services! We even made a silly little “contract” that we both signed saying that if, in fact, she wasn’t able to carry a pregnancy, I would be her surrogate. Thankfully, she never had to revisit that contract and is actually expecting at this very moment. For me, though, it was that silly night of girls becoming friends that would have a far more profound influence on my future. After the wonderful experience with the first surrogacy and the uneventful pregnancies I am fortunate to have had in the past, I knew I wanted to be able to experience that at least one more time.

What is it like to carry twins as a surrogate?  Twins as a surrogate equates to a lot, and I mean a LOT, of appointments. Other than the added appointments, it’s a lot of fun. Prior to this I’ve never been pregnant with twins and I am thoroughly enjoying and learning the personalities of these two little ladies. My own children were large, around 9lbs for both my boys, so I honestly haven’t really felt all that different, at least so far! Things are growing a little faster than before, but still at a manageable pace. Sometimes I worry I’ve been a little disappointing to the Intended Parents because of the lack of drama with this pregnancy which makes me laugh. We will talk about pregnancy symptoms that are felt by most women and how those symptoms can be more exaggerated with twins, but I have been fortunate to have nothing more than a very brief bout of nausea that was easily remedied with a waffle in bed!

How was the decision made to transfer two embryos and possibly get pregnant with twins?  The two embryos that were transferred were the only embryos that qualified and one of the embryos had much less of a chance of making it than the other. Because of the increased chance that neither embryo would result in a successful pregnancy, the doctor, my husband and I, and the Intended Parents were faced with the option of transferring both and risk twins, or transfer one and risk an unsuccessful transfer. During my first pregnancy, we transferred two embryos that resulted in both taking but only one making it past eight weeks and then to birth. Because of that my husband and I had already had conversations regarding the what ifs of transferring 2 embryos. To me, the decision rested in the hands of the IPs. When they decided to proceed with both, that’s what we did!

How did your Intended Parent’s react when they found out you were pregnant with twins?   That is a funny story. Approximately five days after the embryo transfer, you have your serum (blood) HCG levels tested every couple of days to establish whether pregnancy was successful and if the embryos are progressing normally. With twins, HCG levels can be substantially higher than with singleton pregnancies. My levels, however, were indicative of a singleton pregnancy. When the IPs asked what I thought of the levels, I told them there is no way there is more than one baby in there! I was very confident in that and the pregnancy symptoms I was having were little to none. They received that information well and responded by saying that although they would love two babies, one would probably be easier to manage, especially the first time around. Fast forward to our six weeks ultrasound, the first ultrasound used to confirm the heartbeat, and wouldn’t you know it there are TWO heartbeats! The IPs maintained their composure very well at the appointment while I loudly and enthusiastically exclaimed “Holy s***, there’s two!” As to whether their freak-out moment came later on or not, I’m not sure, but they have adapted beautifully even through some stresses that occurred during our first trimester (but have fully resolved).

How has your pregnancy been carrying twins?   To the majority of women struggling with horrible nausea, fatigue, or any number of other pregnancy symptoms, close your ears and cover your eyes. This pregnancy has been incredible!  I don’t normally suffer much during normal pregnancies aside from being tired, slight nausea, and very sore other parts which is probably one of the reasons why I am so happy to carry for others. This pregnancy has been even easier! I didn’t feel nearly as tired in the beginning and, as I said earlier, I had about 3 mornings that I woke up with the tiniest bit of nausea that went away after my darling husband brought me a waffle or some toast in bed. That being said and now that I am well into the second trimester, my back will be a achy from time to time, I occasionally need a nap, sometimes my ankles get a little swollen after a long day, but to me those are just normal when growing another human or two.

What has been your favorite part of being a surrogate?   I often receive comments from people about just how selfless I am and how much they admire me for helping others fulfill their dream of starting a family, but I have to admit that there definitely is a selfish component to it. I enjoy being pregnant and I also enjoy giving birth, however usually what follows those two things is the responsibility of caring for and nurturing the life that has just entered the world. My husband and I have two boys, ages ten and four, and that is the extent of our family. We are thrilled with our boys, but we do not plan on having anymore children. Surrogacy not only fills my soul in the sense of seeing families become whole with the birth of their babies, but also fulfills my own desire to experience pregnancy and birth without the third step…and lack of sleep afterwards.

Do you have any advice to women considering becoming a surrogate and making a decision about transferring two embryos and possibly carrying twins?  To women considering becoming a surrogate, do your research, have the tough conversations with your partner or primary support person, have your support team established, and know just how freaking cool of a journey surrogacy is. If the decision is made to transfer two embryos, plan on both implanting. Pregnancy can require a lot of mental and emotional preparation, but pregnancy with multiples comes with far more risks and possibilities that make planning anything difficult. I have many coworkers and friends who will ask me questions about whether I plan on getting an epidural, having another unmedicated birth, having a vaginal delivery, or a cesarean section, or even if I think I will go into labor early. The only answer I have been able to respond with is “I don’t know.” I am currently perfecting the art of going with the flow while still trying to have the best interest of myself and the IPs. There are and will be a lot of unanswered questions that won’t have a resolution until it is already happening; however, the same could be said about any pregnancy. Good luck, have fun, and allow yourself to love in all sorts of different ways.

It is amazing to hear and share a surrogate’s unique experience.  It makes us even more grateful to be able to work with amazing women like Katie.

Are you interested in embarking on this journey to become a surrogate? Now is the best time to join our agency. We have families waiting for their surrogate! If you live in the Midwest, we are the surrogacy agency for you!  You can contact us at 913-469-5500 or at www.pathwaystoparenthood.com

Why Do People Use A Surrogate To Have A Baby?

Most people do not know much about surrogacy, or why people use surrogates to have a baby.  Unfortunately, much information about surrogacy that is “out there” in the news and media is not accurate or it is sensationalized to attract reader/viewers/ratings. If you or someone you know and care about is considering surrogacy to build their family, the following information will highlight the various reasons why people use surrogacy to have a baby.

There are numerous reasons why people use a surrogate to expand their family. Some couples opt for surrogacy when facing difficulties to conceive a child on their own. However, it’s not just couples struggling with infertility who decide to use a surrogate mother. Below are some of the many reasons people choose surrogacy:

Infertility: Infertility is the most common reason heterosexual couples consider surrogacy to complete their families.  Oftentimes multiple miscarriages lead people to utilize a surrogate mother to have a baby.  Sometimes unexplained infertility with multiple failed treatment attempts will lead people to surrogacy to build their family.

Medical Conditions: A woman may be advised to forgo pregnancy because of medical conditions such as heart disease, infectious diseases transmitted to babies via pregnancy, kidney failure, autoimmune disorders and other diagnoses that could make pregnancy or childbirth dangerous for either the mother, baby or both.  Some women may experience serious health issues in a prior pregnancy that make future pregnancies extremely risky.

Hysterectomy or Lack of Uterus: Women who have undergone a hysterectomy for medical reasons, or who were born without a uterus cannot carry a pregnancy may still be able to produce eggs for in vitro fertilization.   If they are not able to utilize their own eggs, these women will use donated eggs to create embryos.

Advanced Maternal Age: Women in their forties and older are often at a higher risk of pregnancy complications. For these patients, using a surrogate reduces risk of miscarriage or unsuccessful treatment to conceive.

Same-Sex Couples: Surrogacy can be the answer for same-sex couples who want to add a baby to their family. Gay surrogacy gives men the option to have a genetic connection to their child(ren), and also to be a part of the pregnancy throughout the entire journey.  Also, since the baby the surrogate is carrying is legally their child, there is no risk of a birth mother changing her mind as with famiy-building through adoption.

Single Individuals: Men who are single but want to pursue parenthood can choose a surrogate and an egg donor to become a father. Likewise, A single woman with an inability to conceive or carry a baby to full-term will require the help of a surrogate mother.

We have discussed the different reasons people use a surrogate, let’s discuss the types of surrogacy. The term surrogacy is general used to describe one of two types of surrogacy:

A gestational surrogate is not genetically connected to the child they carry in their uterus.  Gestational surrogates get pregnant when an embryo that was previously created through in vitro fertilization is transferred into her uterus.  The embryo is created with either intended mother’s egg or donor egg, and intended father’s sperm or donor sperm. Gestational surrogates are referred to as gestational carriers in the medical and legal fields of reproductive medicine.

A traditional surrogate both donates her own egg and carries a pregnancy for an individual or couple. The pregnancy is usually achieved through intrauterine insemination (IUI) with sperm from the intended father. Donor sperm may also be used.

At Pathways To Parenthood Surrogacy Agency we know every family has different needs, and we will take the time to understand your unique situation and individual desires to help you start your family. If you’re considering building your family through surrogacy, the team at Pathways To Parenthood can guide you through the process.

Become a Surrogate today: Your top 10 FAQs answered

If you’re thinking about becoming a gestational surrogate, it’s understandable to have questions – lots of questions. In this post, we will answer the top questions that many surrogate candidates ask as they make their decision to become a surrogate to help someone else start a family.

        1.  How long does it take to become a surrogate?

Now more than ever before, individuals and couples are looking for surrogate mothers to help make their dreams of parenthood come true. Our goal is to move through the surrogacy screening process as quickly as possible so we can get you matched with a family as quickly as possible. The screening process typically takes 3-4 weeks, but can be a bit quicker or longer depending on how quickly surrogate candidates can provide requested information.   Once the screening process is completed, the matching process begins immediately!

        2.  Are there any costs/expenses that I will be responsible for as the surrogate?

Questions about finances are some of the most important surrogacy questions to ask. Gestational surrogates are not responsible for any costs or expenses related to the surrogacy process. Intended Parents cover everything!

        3.  Do I have a say in who I get matched with?

A core part of the surrogate matching process is ensuring that the surrogate and the intended parents are a good fit – this means doing our best to respect your wishes and desires about who you would like to work with.  A match does not become official unless all parties involved are completely on board with moving forward in working together. There is never any pressure or incentive from the Pathways To Parenthood staff to work with a family that does not feel like the right fit for you.

        4.  What disqualifies me from being a surrogate?

Understanding the requirements for being a surrogate and why they are in place—is important. Personal, medical, and financial information are all needed to ensure someone is eligible to apply to become a surrogate.

Some of the qualifications to become a surrogate include:

• Being between ages 21 to 38
• Must be height and weight appropriate (BMI must be under 32)
• Must have had a proven healthy and uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery
• Living in a state with surrogacy-friendly laws
• Not being enrolled in government aid programs such as cash assistance, welfare, public housing, or section 8
• Avoiding the use of illegal drugs, alcohol, or cigarettes
• Must be in good health mentally and physically
• Ability to be truthful and transparent throughout the surrogacy process

        5.  Will I use my eggs as a surrogate?

No!  A gestational surrogate (gestational carrier) has no genetic connection to the baby they will carry for another family.  Embryos are created through in vitro fertilization and then transferred into the uterus of the surrogate candidate.

       6.  Do I use my own insurance?

If you have your own health insurance, your policy will be reviewed during the screening process to confirm maternity benefits, and to see if it covers your pregnancy as a surrogate.  If your policy has an exclusion for a surrogacy pregnancy, intended parents will purchase a policy that will cover your pregnancy as a surrogate.

        7.  Can I choose my OBGYN?

Yes. Unless there are complications in the pregnancy that require a specialist, you will work with your OB/GYN as if it were your own pregnancy.

        8.  What if the Intended Parent’s change their mind about working with me?

This is not a common occurrence!  If it were to happen, then you would be matched with a new family.

        9.  Can I be a surrogate more than once?

Usually yes! Experienced surrogates are highly desirable to intended parents as their previous experience provides them comfort and reassurance.  Experienced surrogates also earn higher overall compensation.

        10.  Will I have contact with my Intended Parents after the baby goes home?

This will depend on what you and the Intended Parents decide works best for them!  Most intended parents and surrogates do have some amount of contact after the baby is born.

We have many intended families waiting to be matched with a surrogate to grow their families! Amazing surrogates are needed now more than ever!  If you’ve decided to become a surrogate, or if you know other women considering surrogacy, now is an opportune time to join our agency. If you live in the Midwest, we are the surrogacy agency for you!  You can contact us at 913-469-5500 or at www.pathwaystoparenthood.com